The Comprehensive Review on Pharmacological Effects and Health Benefits of Psidium guajava

Abstract

Psidium guajava, or guava, is a tropical fruit celebrated for its abundant nutritional benefits and medicinal attributes. Recent pharmacological research has emphasised its possible health advantages, linked to the presence of bioactive substances including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and essential oils. These ingredients demonstrate substantial antioxidant activity, which is essential for alleviating oxidative stress and diminishing the risk of chronic illnesses. Moreover, guava is linked to enhanced digestive health owing to its elevated fibre content and inherent laxative characteristics. This fruit exhibits hypoglycemic properties, suggesting its possible use in diabetes management by regulating blood glucose levels. In summary, Psidium guajava offers a comprehensive strategy for improving public health via its pharmacological properties. Continued research is essential to thoroughly clarify these pathways and develop standardised protocols for therapeutic use. Around the globe, guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) is well-known as a nutritious fruit and a popular cuisine. In traditional medicine, guava fruit, leaves, and other plant parts are also recognised for their therapeutic virtues. As a result, every guava tree component is grown commercially because of its economic value. A lot has been done with the guava plant in terms of its biological activity and medicinal uses, and the fruit, which is sometimes called the "poor man's apple of the tropics," is also rather popular. Several commercial and medicinal items are derived from the guava plant. This article aims to give a comprehensive overview of the multipurpose commercial values of guava fruit by discussing its nutritional value and therapeutic characteristics in detail.